diff --git a/src/openvpn/init.c b/src/openvpn/init.c
index 1b9f19d0..1eba49ab 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/init.c
+++ b/src/openvpn/init.c
@@ -1081,7 +1081,7 @@ do_genkey(const struct options *options)
  * Persistent TUN/TAP device management mode?
  */
 bool
-do_persist_tuntap(const struct options *options)
+do_persist_tuntap(const struct options *options, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     if (options->persist_config)
     {
@@ -1099,7 +1099,8 @@ do_persist_tuntap(const struct options *options)
 #ifdef ENABLE_FEATURE_TUN_PERSIST
         tuncfg(options->dev, options->dev_type, options->dev_node,
                options->persist_mode,
-               options->username, options->groupname, &options->tuntap_options);
+               options->username, options->groupname, &options->tuntap_options,
+               ctx);
         if (options->persist_mode && options->lladdr)
         {
             set_lladdr(options->dev, options->lladdr, NULL);
@@ -1672,7 +1673,8 @@ do_init_tun(struct context *c)
                             c->c1.link_socket_addr.bind_local,
                             c->c1.link_socket_addr.remote_list,
                             !c->options.ifconfig_nowarn,
-                            c->c2.es);
+                            c->c2.es,
+                            &c->net_ctx);
 
     init_tun_post(c->c1.tuntap,
                   &c->c2.frame,
@@ -1744,7 +1746,8 @@ do_open_tun(struct context *c)
                                              c->options.dev_type,
                                              c->options.dev_node,
                                              &gc);
-        do_ifconfig(c->c1.tuntap, guess, TUN_MTU_SIZE(&c->c2.frame), c->c2.es);
+        do_ifconfig(c->c1.tuntap, guess, TUN_MTU_SIZE(&c->c2.frame), c->c2.es,
+                    &c->net_ctx);
     }
 
     /* possibly add routes */
@@ -1772,7 +1775,8 @@ do_open_tun(struct context *c)
     if (!c->options.ifconfig_noexec
         && ifconfig_order() == IFCONFIG_AFTER_TUN_OPEN)
     {
-        do_ifconfig(c->c1.tuntap, c->c1.tuntap->actual_name, TUN_MTU_SIZE(&c->c2.frame), c->c2.es);
+        do_ifconfig(c->c1.tuntap, c->c1.tuntap->actual_name,
+                    TUN_MTU_SIZE(&c->c2.frame), c->c2.es, &c->net_ctx);
     }
 
     /* run the up script */
@@ -1880,7 +1884,7 @@ do_close_tun_simple(struct context *c)
     msg(D_CLOSE, "Closing TUN/TAP interface");
     if (c->c1.tuntap)
     {
-        close_tun(c->c1.tuntap);
+        close_tun(c->c1.tuntap, &c->net_ctx);
         c->c1.tuntap = NULL;
     }
     c->c1.tuntap_owned = false;
@@ -3321,9 +3325,11 @@ do_compute_occ_strings(struct context *c)
     struct gc_arena gc = gc_new();
 
     c->c2.options_string_local =
-        options_string(&c->options, &c->c2.frame, c->c1.tuntap, false, &gc);
+        options_string(&c->options, &c->c2.frame, c->c1.tuntap, &c->net_ctx,
+                       false, &gc);
     c->c2.options_string_remote =
-        options_string(&c->options, &c->c2.frame, c->c1.tuntap, true, &gc);
+        options_string(&c->options, &c->c2.frame, c->c1.tuntap, &c->net_ctx,
+                       true, &gc);
 
     msg(D_SHOW_OCC, "Local Options String (VER=%s): '%s'",
         options_string_version(c->c2.options_string_local, &gc),
diff --git a/src/openvpn/init.h b/src/openvpn/init.h
index 085ac533..ba5eda06 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/init.h
+++ b/src/openvpn/init.h
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ bool print_openssl_info(const struct options *options);
 
 bool do_genkey(const struct options *options);
 
-bool do_persist_tuntap(const struct options *options);
+bool do_persist_tuntap(const struct options *options, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx);
 
 bool possibly_become_daemon(const struct options *options);
 
diff --git a/src/openvpn/networking.h b/src/openvpn/networking.h
index 716e61a5..e624cb6b 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/networking.h
+++ b/src/openvpn/networking.h
@@ -21,12 +21,6 @@
 #ifndef NETWORKING_H_
 #define NETWORKING_H_
 
-#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
-#include "config.h"
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-#include "config-msvc.h"
-#endif
-
 #include "syshead.h"
 
 struct context;
diff --git a/src/openvpn/openvpn.c b/src/openvpn/openvpn.c
index 5d6a41cd..a32227da 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/openvpn.c
+++ b/src/openvpn/openvpn.c
@@ -215,6 +215,8 @@ openvpn_main(int argc, char *argv[])
             open_plugins(&c, true, OPENVPN_PLUGIN_INIT_PRE_CONFIG_PARSE);
 #endif
 
+            net_ctx_init(&c, &c.net_ctx);
+
             /* init verbosity and mute levels */
             init_verb_mute(&c, IVM_LEVEL_1);
 
@@ -234,7 +236,7 @@ openvpn_main(int argc, char *argv[])
             }
 
             /* tun/tap persist command? */
-            if (do_persist_tuntap(&c.options))
+            if (do_persist_tuntap(&c.options, &c.net_ctx))
             {
                 break;
             }
diff --git a/src/openvpn/openvpn.h b/src/openvpn/openvpn.h
index bc972f22..7ec69612 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/openvpn.h
+++ b/src/openvpn/openvpn.h
@@ -520,6 +520,8 @@ struct context
 
     struct env_set *es;         /**< Set of environment variables. */
 
+    openvpn_net_ctx_t net_ctx;	/**< Networking API opaque context */
+
     struct signal_info *sig;    /**< Internal error signaling object. */
 
     struct plugin_list *plugins; /**< List of plug-ins. */
diff --git a/src/openvpn/options.c b/src/openvpn/options.c
index 0421185f..55559dfd 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/options.c
+++ b/src/openvpn/options.c
@@ -3570,6 +3570,7 @@ char *
 options_string(const struct options *o,
                const struct frame *frame,
                struct tuntap *tt,
+               openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx,
                bool remote,
                struct gc_arena *gc)
 {
@@ -3612,7 +3613,8 @@ options_string(const struct options *o,
                       NULL,
                       NULL,
                       false,
-                      NULL);
+                      NULL,
+                      ctx);
         if (tt)
         {
             tt_local = true;
diff --git a/src/openvpn/options.h b/src/openvpn/options.h
index 33b1e45a..8e777e40 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/options.h
+++ b/src/openvpn/options.h
@@ -726,6 +726,7 @@ const char *options_string_version(const char *s, struct gc_arena *gc);
 char *options_string(const struct options *o,
                      const struct frame *frame,
                      struct tuntap *tt,
+                     openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx,
                      bool remote,
                      struct gc_arena *gc);
 
diff --git a/src/openvpn/tun.c b/src/openvpn/tun.c
index 948fd17d..002c3e6c 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/tun.c
+++ b/src/openvpn/tun.c
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #include "route.h"
 #include "win32.h"
 #include "block_dns.h"
+#include "networking.h"
 
 #include "memdbg.h"
 
@@ -631,7 +632,8 @@ init_tun(const char *dev,        /* --dev option */
          struct addrinfo *local_public,
          struct addrinfo *remote_public,
          const bool strict_warn,
-         struct env_set *es)
+         struct env_set *es,
+         openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     struct gc_arena gc = gc_new();
     struct tuntap *tt;
@@ -870,35 +872,37 @@ create_arbitrary_remote( struct tuntap *tt )
  * @param ifname    the human readable interface name
  * @param mtu       the MTU value to set the interface to
  * @param es        the environment to be used when executing the commands
+ * @param ctx       the networking API opaque context
  */
 static void
 do_ifconfig_ipv6(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
-                 const struct env_set *es)
+                 const struct env_set *es, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
-    const char *ifconfig_ipv6_local = NULL;
+#if defined(TARGET_OPENBSD) || defined(TARGET_NETBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DARWIN) || defined(TARGET_FREEBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DRAGONFLY) || defined(TARGET_AIX) \
+    || defined(TARGET_SOLARIS) || defined(_WIN32)
     struct argv argv = argv_new();
     struct gc_arena gc = gc_new();
-
-    ifconfig_ipv6_local = print_in6_addr(tt->local_ipv6, 0, &gc);
+    const char *ifconfig_ipv6_local = print_in6_addr(tt->local_ipv6, 0, &gc);
+#endif
 
 #if defined(TARGET_LINUX)
-#ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE
-    /* set the MTU for the device and bring it up */
-    argv_printf(&argv, "%s link set dev %s up mtu %d", iproute_path, ifname,
-                tun_mtu);
-    argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ip link set failed");
+    if (net_iface_mtu_set(ctx, ifname, tun_mtu) < 0)
+    {
+        msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't set mtu (%d) on %s", tun_mtu, ifname);
+    }
 
-    argv_printf(&argv, "%s -6 addr add %s/%d dev %s", iproute_path,
-                ifconfig_ipv6_local, tt->netbits_ipv6, ifname);
-    argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ip -6 addr add failed");
-#else
-    argv_printf(&argv, "%s %s add %s/%d mtu %d up", IFCONFIG_PATH, ifname,
-                ifconfig_ipv6_local, tt->netbits_ipv6, tun_mtu);
-    argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ifconfig inet6 failed");
-#endif
+    if (net_iface_up(ctx, ifname, true) < 0)
+    {
+        msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't bring %s up", ifname);
+    }
+
+    if (net_addr_v6_add(ctx, ifname, &tt->local_ipv6,
+                        tt->netbits_ipv6) < 0)
+    {
+        msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't add IPv6 to interface %s", ifname);
+    }
 #elif defined(TARGET_ANDROID)
     char out6[64];
 
@@ -1011,8 +1015,13 @@ do_ifconfig_ipv6(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
     msg(M_FATAL, "Sorry, but I don't know how to do IPv6 'ifconfig' commands on this operating system.  You should ifconfig your TUN/TAP device manually or use an --up script.");
 #endif /* outer "if defined(TARGET_xxx)" conditional */
 
+#if defined(TARGET_OPENBSD) || defined(TARGET_NETBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DARWIN) || defined(TARGET_FREEBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DRAGONFLY) || defined(TARGET_AIX) \
+    || defined(TARGET_SOLARIS) || defined(_WIN32)
     gc_free(&gc);
     argv_reset(&argv);
+#endif
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1022,23 +1031,27 @@ do_ifconfig_ipv6(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
  * @param ifname    the human readable interface name
  * @param mtu       the MTU value to set the interface to
  * @param es        the environment to be used when executing the commands
+ * @param ctx       the networking API opaque context
  */
 static void
 do_ifconfig_ipv4(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
-                 const struct env_set *es)
+                 const struct env_set *es, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
-    bool tun = false;
+    /*
+     * We only handle TUN/TAP devices here, not --dev null devices.
+     */
+    bool tun = is_tun_p2p(tt);
+
+#if defined(TARGET_OPENBSD) || defined(TARGET_NETBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DARWIN) || defined(TARGET_FREEBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DRAGONFLY) || defined(TARGET_AIX) \
+    || defined(TARGET_SOLARIS) || defined(_WIN32)
     const char *ifconfig_local = NULL;
     const char *ifconfig_remote_netmask = NULL;
     const char *ifconfig_broadcast = NULL;
     struct argv argv = argv_new();
     struct gc_arena gc = gc_new();
 
-    /*
-     * We only handle TUN/TAP devices here, not --dev null devices.
-     */
-    tun = is_tun_p2p(tt);
-
     /*
      * Set ifconfig parameters
      */
@@ -1052,53 +1065,36 @@ do_ifconfig_ipv4(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
     {
         ifconfig_broadcast = print_in_addr_t(tt->broadcast, 0, &gc);
     }
+#endif
 
 #if defined(TARGET_LINUX)
-#ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE
-    /*
-     * Set the MTU for the device
-     */
-    argv_printf(&argv, "%s link set dev %s up mtu %d", iproute_path, ifname,
-                tun_mtu);
-    argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ip link set failed");
-
-    if (tun)
+    if (net_iface_mtu_set(ctx, ifname, tun_mtu) < 0)
     {
-
-        /*
-         * Set the address for the device
-         */
-        argv_printf(&argv, "%s addr add dev %s local %s peer %s", iproute_path,
-                    ifname, ifconfig_local, ifconfig_remote_netmask);
-        argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-        openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ip addr add failed");
+        msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't set mtu (%d) on %s", tun_mtu, ifname);
     }
-    else
+
+    if (net_iface_up(ctx, ifname, true) < 0)
     {
-        argv_printf(&argv, "%s addr add dev %s %s/%d broadcast %s",
-                    iproute_path, ifname, ifconfig_local,
-                    netmask_to_netbits2(tt->remote_netmask),
-                    ifconfig_broadcast);
-        argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-        openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ip addr add failed");
+        msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't bring %s up", ifname);
     }
-#else  /* ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE */
+
     if (tun)
     {
-        argv_printf(&argv, "%s %s %s pointopoint %s mtu %d", IFCONFIG_PATH,
-                    ifname, ifconfig_local, ifconfig_remote_netmask, tun_mtu);
+        if (net_addr_ptp_v4_add(ctx, ifname, &tt->local,
+                                &tt->remote_netmask) < 0)
+        {
+            msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't add IP to TUN interface %s", ifname);
+        }
     }
     else
     {
-        argv_printf(&argv, "%s %s %s netmask %s mtu %d broadcast %s",
-                    IFCONFIG_PATH, ifname, ifconfig_local,
-                    ifconfig_remote_netmask, tun_mtu, ifconfig_broadcast);
+        if (net_addr_v4_add(ctx, ifname, &tt->local,
+                            netmask_to_netbits2(tt->remote_netmask),
+                            &tt->remote_netmask) < 0)
+        {
+            msg(M_FATAL, "Linux can't add IP to TAP interface %s", ifname);
+        }
     }
-    argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, S_FATAL, "Linux ifconfig failed");
-
-#endif /*ENABLE_IPROUTE*/
 #elif defined(TARGET_ANDROID)
     char out[64];
 
@@ -1399,14 +1395,19 @@ do_ifconfig_ipv4(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
     msg(M_FATAL, "Sorry, but I don't know how to do 'ifconfig' commands on this operating system.  You should ifconfig your TUN/TAP device manually or use an --up script.");
 #endif /* if defined(TARGET_LINUX) */
 
+#if defined(TARGET_OPENBSD) || defined(TARGET_NETBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DARWIN) || defined(TARGET_FREEBSD) \
+    || defined(TARGET_DRAGONFLY) || defined(TARGET_AIX) \
+    || defined(TARGET_SOLARIS) || defined(_WIN32)
     gc_free(&gc);
     argv_reset(&argv);
+#endif
 }
 
 /* execute the ifconfig command through the shell */
 void
 do_ifconfig(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
-            const struct env_set *es)
+            const struct env_set *es, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     msg(D_LOW, "do_ifconfig, ipv4=%d, ipv6=%d", tt->did_ifconfig_setup,
         tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup);
@@ -1426,12 +1427,12 @@ do_ifconfig(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
 
     if (tt->did_ifconfig_setup)
     {
-        do_ifconfig_ipv4(tt, ifname, tun_mtu, es);
+        do_ifconfig_ipv4(tt, ifname, tun_mtu, es, ctx);
     }
 
     if (tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup)
     {
-        do_ifconfig_ipv6(tt, ifname, tun_mtu, es);
+        do_ifconfig_ipv6(tt, ifname, tun_mtu, es, ctx);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1742,7 +1743,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
 }
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -1898,7 +1899,9 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
 #ifdef ENABLE_FEATURE_TUN_PERSIST
 
 void
-tuncfg(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, int persist_mode, const char *username, const char *groupname, const struct tuntap_options *options)
+tuncfg(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node,
+       int persist_mode, const char *username, const char *groupname,
+       const struct tuntap_options *options, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     struct tuntap *tt;
 
@@ -1937,62 +1940,74 @@ tuncfg(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, int persist_
             msg(M_ERR, "Cannot ioctl TUNSETOWNER(%s) %s", groupname, dev);
         }
     }
-    close_tun(tt);
+    close_tun(tt, ctx);
     msg(M_INFO, "Persist state set to: %s", (persist_mode ? "ON" : "OFF"));
 }
 
 #endif /* ENABLE_FEATURE_TUN_PERSIST */
 
 void
-undo_ifconfig_ipv4(struct tuntap *tt, struct gc_arena *gc)
+undo_ifconfig_ipv4(struct tuntap *tt, struct gc_arena *gc,
+                   openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
-    struct argv argv = argv_new();
+#if defined(TARGET_LINUX)
+    int netbits = netmask_to_netbits2(tt->remote_netmask);
 
-#ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE
     if (is_tun_p2p(tt))
     {
-        argv_printf(&argv, "%s addr del dev %s local %s peer %s", iproute_path,
-                    tt->actual_name, print_in_addr_t(tt->local, 0, gc),
-                    print_in_addr_t(tt->remote_netmask, 0, gc));
+        if (net_addr_ptp_v4_del(ctx, tt->actual_name, &tt->local,
+                                &tt->remote_netmask) < 0)
+        {
+            msg(M_WARN, "Linux can't del IP from TUN iface %s",
+                tt->actual_name);
+        }
     }
     else
     {
-        argv_printf(&argv, "%s addr del dev %s %s/%d", iproute_path,
-                    tt->actual_name, print_in_addr_t(tt->local, 0, gc),
-                    netmask_to_netbits2(tt->remote_netmask));
+        if (net_addr_v4_del(ctx, tt->actual_name, &tt->local, netbits) < 0)
+        {
+            msg(M_WARN, "Linux can't del IP from TAP iface %s",
+                tt->actual_name);
+        }
     }
-#else  /* ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE */
+#else  /* ifdef TARGET_LINUX */
+    struct argv argv = argv_new();
+
     argv_printf(&argv, "%s %s 0.0.0.0", IFCONFIG_PATH, tt->actual_name);
-#endif /* ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE */
 
     argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
-    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, NULL, 0, "Linux ip addr del failed");
+    openvpn_execve_check(&argv, NULL, 0, "Generic ip addr del failed");
 
     argv_reset(&argv);
+#endif /* ifdef TARGET_LINUX */
 }
 
 void
-undo_ifconfig_ipv6(struct tuntap *tt, struct gc_arena *gc)
+undo_ifconfig_ipv6(struct tuntap *tt, struct gc_arena *gc,
+                   openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
+#if defined(TARGET_LINUX)
+    if (net_addr_v6_del(ctx, tt->actual_name, &tt->local_ipv6,
+                        tt->netbits_ipv6) < 0)
+    {
+        msg(M_WARN, "Linux can't del IPv6 from iface %s", tt->actual_name);
+    }
+#else  /* ifdef TARGET_LINUX */
     const char *ifconfig_ipv6_local = print_in6_addr(tt->local_ipv6, 0, gc);
     struct argv argv = argv_new();
 
-#ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE
-    argv_printf(&argv, "%s -6 addr del %s/%d dev %s", iproute_path,
-                ifconfig_ipv6_local, tt->netbits_ipv6, tt->actual_name);
-#else  /* ifdef ENABLE_IPROUTE */
     argv_printf(&argv, "%s %s del %s/%d", IFCONFIG_PATH, tt->actual_name,
                 ifconfig_ipv6_local, tt->netbits_ipv6);
-#endif
 
     argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
     openvpn_execve_check(&argv, NULL, 0, "Linux ip -6 addr del failed");
 
     argv_reset(&argv);
+#endif /* ifdef TARGET_LINUX */
 }
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -2002,12 +2017,12 @@ close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
 
         if (tt->did_ifconfig_setup)
         {
-            undo_ifconfig_ipv4(tt, &gc);
+            undo_ifconfig_ipv4(tt, &gc, ctx);
         }
 
         if (tt->did_ifconfig_ipv6_setup)
         {
-            undo_ifconfig_ipv6(tt, &gc);
+            undo_ifconfig_ipv6(tt, &gc, ctx);
         }
 
         gc_free(&gc);
@@ -2327,7 +2342,7 @@ solaris_close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
  * Close TUN device.
  */
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -2363,7 +2378,7 @@ solaris_error_close(struct tuntap *tt, const struct env_set *es,
 
     argv_msg(M_INFO, &argv);
     openvpn_execve_check(&argv, es, 0, "Solaris ifconfig unplumb failed");
-    close_tun(tt);
+    close_tun(tt, NULL);
     msg(M_FATAL, "Solaris ifconfig failed");
     argv_reset(&argv);
 }
@@ -2426,7 +2441,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
  */
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -2512,7 +2527,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
  * need to be explicitely destroyed
  */
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -2653,7 +2668,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
  * we need to call "ifconfig ... destroy" for cleanup
  */
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -2769,7 +2784,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
 }
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -3025,7 +3040,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
 }
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -3173,7 +3188,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
 /* tap devices need to be manually destroyed on AIX
  */
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -6069,7 +6084,7 @@ tun_show_debug(struct tuntap *tt)
 }
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
@@ -6244,7 +6259,7 @@ open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node, struct tun
 }
 
 void
-close_tun(struct tuntap *tt)
+close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx)
 {
     ASSERT(tt);
 
diff --git a/src/openvpn/tun.h b/src/openvpn/tun.h
index cb1ab1cc..a68ecaa9 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/tun.h
+++ b/src/openvpn/tun.h
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "event.h"
 #include "proto.h"
 #include "misc.h"
+#include "networking.h"
 
 #if defined(_WIN32) || defined(TARGET_ANDROID)
 
@@ -211,7 +212,7 @@ tuntap_defined(const struct tuntap *tt)
 void open_tun(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node,
               struct tuntap *tt);
 
-void close_tun(struct tuntap *tt);
+void close_tun(struct tuntap *tt, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx);
 
 int write_tun(struct tuntap *tt, uint8_t *buf, int len);
 
@@ -219,7 +220,8 @@ int read_tun(struct tuntap *tt, uint8_t *buf, int len);
 
 void tuncfg(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *dev_node,
             int persist_mode, const char *username,
-            const char *groupname, const struct tuntap_options *options);
+            const char *groupname, const struct tuntap_options *options,
+            openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx);
 
 const char *guess_tuntap_dev(const char *dev,
                              const char *dev_type,
@@ -237,7 +239,8 @@ struct tuntap *init_tun(const char *dev,        /* --dev option */
                         struct addrinfo *local_public,
                         struct addrinfo *remote_public,
                         const bool strict_warn,
-                        struct env_set *es);
+                        struct env_set *es,
+                        openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx);
 
 void init_tun_post(struct tuntap *tt,
                    const struct frame *frame,
@@ -253,9 +256,10 @@ void do_ifconfig_setenv(const struct tuntap *tt,
  * @param ifname    the human readable interface name
  * @param mtu       the MTU value to set the interface to
  * @param es        the environment to be used when executing the commands
+ * @param ctx       the networking API opaque context
  */
 void do_ifconfig(struct tuntap *tt, const char *ifname, int tun_mtu,
-                 const struct env_set *es);
+                 const struct env_set *es, openvpn_net_ctx_t *ctx);
 
 bool is_dev_type(const char *dev, const char *dev_type, const char *match_type);