diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index b04adce..a8fb64b 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -275,6 +275,7 @@
     set(CMAKE_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES "mbedtls;mbedx509;mbedcrypto")
     check_symbol_exists(mbedtls_ctr_drbg_update_ret mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h HAVE_MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_UPDATE_RET)
     check_symbol_exists(mbedtls_ssl_conf_export_keys_ext_cb mbedtls/ssl.h HAVE_MBEDTLS_SSL_CONF_EXPORT_KEYS_EXT_CB)
+    check_symbol_exists(mbedtls_ssl_set_export_keys_cb mbedtls/ssl.h HAVE_MBEDTLS_SSL_SET_EXPORT_KEYS_CB)
     check_include_files(psa/crypto.h HAVE_MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_H)
 endfunction()
 
diff --git a/src/openvpn/ssl_mbedtls.c b/src/openvpn/ssl_mbedtls.c
index e15c391..ec3135a 100644
--- a/src/openvpn/ssl_mbedtls.c
+++ b/src/openvpn/ssl_mbedtls.c
@@ -253,6 +253,8 @@
     memcpy(cache->master_secret, secret, sizeof(cache->master_secret));
     cache->tls_prf_type = tls_prf_type;
 }
+#else  /* if HAVE_MBEDTLS_SSL_CONF_EXPORT_KEYS_EXT_CB */
+#error either HAVE_MBEDTLS_SSL_CONF_EXPORT_KEYS_EXT_CB or HAVE_MBEDTLS_SSL_SET_EXPORT_KEYS_CB must be defined when HAVE_EXPORT_KEYING_MATERIAL is defined
 #endif /* HAVE_MBEDTLS_SSL_CONF_EXPORT_KEYS_EXT_CB */
 
 bool
